Recognising the vineyard as part of an ecologically interconnected system and adopting practices that reduce environmental impacts, avoid damaging habitats, and contribute to biodiversity, allows for a stable and biologically diverse ecosystem. Identifying and monitoring ecological and environmental habitats plays an important role in conservation and environmental sustainability.
The effective functioning of an ecosystem has value as an ecosystem service. For example; invertebrates provide an ecosystem service through:

• Pollination
• Biological control
• Nutrient cycling

These services can reduce the need for off-farm inputs and increase the productive capacity of the vineyard. Conservation is an important tool in protecting and enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services in vineyards.